Nitrogen fixing bacteria are found in root nodules of reguminous plants as shown. Nearly 50 % of yield is attributed to the influence of climatic factors. Environmental factors that affect plant growth include light, temperature, water, humidity, and nutrition. Measurement of factors affecting crop production terrence f. The manner in which activities of living organisms affect one another is referred to as biotic factors. Many types of weeds are there but the worst weeds are the peren. The utilized amounts of the various inputs determine the quantity of output according to the relationship called the production function. Inherent soil and properties climate affect crop growth and how respond to applied p crops. The current study addressed this knowledge gap by analyzing factors affecting smallholder tomato farmers willingness to adopt innovative timing approaches to manage climate change effects in. Total precipitation in amount and distribution greatly affects the. Crop rotation, herbicide selection, identifying emerging weed threats, good residue distribution, and getting a good crop stand are all part of good weed control.
Factors affecting efficiency of field crop production among resettled farmers in. Factors affecting efficiency of field crop production. The increase in crop yields and other desirable characters are related to genetic make up of plants. Cause cross pollination which helps in the production of new and improved varieties of crops. Factors affecting farmers adoption of technologies in farming system. Factors affecting farmers adoption of technologies in. A case study in omon district, can tho province, mekong delta. Top 5 factors affecting crop production your article library. Genotype genetic design of a plant which dictates the. Ethiopia is one of the largest african countries with a population of 73. In order to achieve this, several interventions in the sector were done since. Climatic factors nearly 50 % of yield is attributed to the influence of climatic factors.
In the short term higher returns encourage growers to apply more inputs such as fertilisers and pesticides which increases the yield. The four most important factors that influence crop yield are soil fertility, availability of water, climate, and diseases or pests. Factors affecting agricultural production in tigray region. Environmental factors that influence the location of crop. Since cotton is an important cash crop for the country and for individual households, it has important implications for livelihoods of rural people.
Porosity and permeability are affected by soil texture, structure, organic matter and compaction. High yielding ability early maturity resistance to lodging. Economic factors affecting diversified farming systems. Return on investment high returns from selling cocoa for little input will naturally cause more cocoa planting to take place. Factors affecting crop production pdf agricultural. With a basic understanding of these factors, you may be able to manipulate plants to meet your needs, whether for increased leaf, flower, or fruit production. In economics, factors of production, resources, or inputs are what is used in the production process to produce outputthat is, finished goods and services. Genetic factors affecting plant growth and crop yield. Crop yiel d pdf s may not follow the standard di stributions such. Similarly, abiotic factors such as temperature, wind, rain etc. There are numerous factors affecting corn production.
Determinant factors affecting crop production and adoption of soil. The purpose of this study was to gather information on socioeconomic factors affecting sorghum production and the sorghum farming system used by the. There are four basic resources or factors of production. Pdf factors impeding effective crop production in ethiopia. Truong thi ngoc chi 1 and ryuichi yamada 2 abstract farmers changes of technology use are influenced by technical training, meeting, oral transmission, trust on technician and belief level on technology. Robinson, fellow in agronomy, utah agricultural experiment station introduction the importance of soil moisture in crop production is well understood. Crop production crop production can be viewed from two perspectives. What are factors that affect crop production answers. Agriculture is still believed to remain a determinant sector that. Factors affecting wheat production in balochistan province. The a lesser extent lets put insect control and disease protection in this same category. Pdf in the ethiopia crop agriculture, pillar in balancing the food diet of. As a consequence, production and policy decisions in the thai rice sector are often inefficient and ineffective.
What are environmental factors that influence agriculture. Biotic factor is any living component that affects another organism. Productivity of both enterprises is determined by biophysical environmental factors, such as rainfall and soil fertility, and by available. Pdf life of crop is so intimately related with the environmental factors of a place. Objectives of the study the main objective of this study is to examine factors influencing agricultural production among cooperative farmers in anambra state, nigeria. Major biotic factors affecting agricultural production 1.
Which of the following is not a major factor affecting soil development. Cumulative growing degreedays and precipitation were used to identify favorable climates for the production. Improve crop production through increasing soil nitrogen content which crop requires for proper growth. Factors affecting wheat production in balochistan province of pakistan. The following are the atmospheric weather variables which influences the crop production. It contains 4850% oil, 2628% protein and 1127 % carbohydrate, minerals and vitamin mukhtar, 2009. Socioeconomic factors influencing agricultural production. What are the factors that affects agriculture in india. Between available soil moisture and forage production were related to a.
Management factors affecting legumes production in the indogangetic plain a ramakrishna, c l l gowda, and c johansen1 abstract grain legumes are very important in the indogangetic plain 1gp countries for their contribution to human and animal nutrition, as components of indigenous cropping systems, and as restorers of soil fertility. This section is a collection and synthesis of literature on maiz e production and. Top seven factors in crop production in march the pioneer growing point enewsletter had an article i was interested in which listed and ranked the top seven factors in crop production. A pest causes damage to agriculture by feeding on crops. Determinants of adoption of improved forage technologies. How do biotic and abiotic factors affect crop production. There are a variety of factors associated with crop yield and the risks involved with farming. This study investigates the factors affecting agricultural production of farm households in the national regional state of tigray, ethiopia. Top seven factors in crop production nebraska extension. Pdf on nov 1, 2016, abbas ali chandio and others published factors affecting agricultural production. In the typical mixed, croplivestock farming system, the household has 2 integrated enterprises, namely, crop and livestock production see figure 1. This study was carried out to determine the factors affecting small scale coffee production in kenya. All environmental factors as climatic, edaphic, biotic, physiographic and anthropic socio economic factors interact with one another to influence the crop growth and production. Factors affecting crop production climatic edaphic biotic physiographic and socio economic factors.
After 1947, the government of india gave tax relief and concessions to the farmers for growing jute, with the result that in different parts of the country, area under jute cultivation had increased to a. Most farmers still opt to grow maize which is frequented by crop failures. Biotic factors such as pests, insects and diseases reduce the crop production. Government subsidy or liberal loan in respect of a particular crop helps in larger acreage under that crop. Factors affecting crop production pdf agricultural productivity. In general, there are two factors affecting plant growth. Although the entire food system is a source of greenhouse gas emissions, primary production is by far the most important component. Agriculture is a dominant sector of ethiopian economy which makes a lion share contribution to gross domestic product gdp, employment and foreign exchange earnings of the country. Weeds also reduce crop productivity by competing with the main crop for nutrients and light. Soils, soil characteristics and factors affecting management. Economic factors affecting rice production in thailand executive summary relatively little is known about the economic forces that affect rice production in thailand. High yielding ability early maturity resistance to lodging drought flood and salinity tolerance. However, kernels mostly have a mix of oranges, yellows, reds, purples and browns. Factors affecting crop production climatic edaphic.
Internal factors genetic factors the increase in crop yields and other desirable characters are related to genetic make up of plants. In march the pioneer growing point enewsletter had an article i was interested in which listed and ranked the top seven factors in crop production. Cropland area has been lost to degradation because of deforestation and inappropriate agricultural. It is important to understand how these factors affect plant growth and development. Pdf environmental factors that affecting plant growth. Rainfall one of the most important factor influences the vegetation of a place. Dominion experimental station, beaverlodge, alberta. Economic factors that run counter to diversification just as there are economic reasons for a farmer to diversify production in response to risk, biophysical or input constraints, or market conditions, there are many reasons it may be economically efficient for a farmer to specialize in the production of a particular crop.
A basic understanding of the interrelations between factors affecting production is an essential prerequisite for an accurate assessment of production. Corn is a vegetable and a grain that grows with tall grasslike stalk while producing large kernels in a cob. The establishments under study were smallscale coffee farms in githunguri district. It was to determine whether marketing factors, finances, government policies and physical and human resources affect coffee production in githunguri district.
All the major environmental factors affecting agriculture can be divided into two categories. A variety of biotic factors such as pests, nematodes, diseases, etc. Factors affecting plant growth plant growth factors control or influence plant characteristics as well as adaptation. Chimurenga, zimbabwes national crop production has been affected badly world bank. Permeability depth of rooting zone texture color d r a i n a g e s l o p e p o r o s i t y s t r u c t u r e soil productivity soil physical properties.
Factors affecting crop production climatic edaphic biotic. Factors affecting the evaporation of moisture from the soil1 by f. Hence, the argument that agriculture is a large sector and that. Permeability is the ease in which water, air, and plant roots move through the soil. Biotic factors need energy to do work and food for proper growth. Ethiopia have revealed several factors which affect crop production. Incentives are needed to persuade crop and livestock producers, agro. Environmental factors affecting plant growth and crop yield. I, bihon kassa abrha, declare that this phd thesis entitled factors affecting agricultural production in tigray region, northern ethiopia is my own work and that all the sources that i have used or quoted have been indicated and acknowledged by means of complete references.